When The Voices Of The Storm Sound Like A Crowd ( Bobby Peterson & Phil Lesh - "New Potato Caboose")

            

          I have always been fascinated by Post-Holocaust/Post 1948 Jewry’s establishment of Jewish observances/commemorations. This is especially the case immediately following the Pesach Festival. Approximately five days after Pesach, five days after the Jewish People celebrated a holiday that is thousands of years old, a holiday in which the Jewish People observe and celebrated its redemption from ancient Egyptian slavery, the Jewish People observe Yom HaShoah, Holocaust Remembrance Day. First established by the Israeli Rabbinate in 1951, Yom HaShoah has been part of the Jewish Calendar for 71 years. For these seven decades, we have not only listened to the testimony of the survivors who bore witness to the Holocaust, but we also listened to historians, sociologists, political scientists, and philosophers explain to us how this happened, the rise of fascism, the rise of nationalism, the scapegoating of a minority, the anonymity of an angry mob, the dissemination of conspiracy theories and disinformation, and the failure of leaders to exert courage to shine a light on wipe out the festering grievance politics. After 71 years, I can help but notice the irony that we are once again focused on that part of the world. However, it appears that some nations have figured out how to spiritually atone for their behaviour 70 years ago, while others have not. 

          This Shabbat we return to the weekly Torah cycle and read Parshat Acharei Mot. The two previous Parshiot: Tazria and Metzorah interrupted the narrative with the laws of individual purity and impurity.  In Acharei Mot, the Torah now teaches the laws for the spiritual purity of the nation. We have focused on the impurities of individuals, now we focus on the community. The Torah teaches us the laws for the offerings of Yom Kippur, national atonement, and Azazel otherwise known as the Scapegoat. The Scapegoat is not offered as a sacrifice to God, but rather is sent out from the camp and left to wander in the wilderness eventually succumbing to the elements. The second half of the Parsha focuses on the holy and unholy relationships within the family. However, the list of inappropriate behaviors between family members is taught within the context of the other nations. Other nations do these things and B'nai Yisroel must refrain from imitating those other nations.

           While providing the laws regarding holy and unholy relationships, God invokes Egypt and Canaan. B’nai Yisroel had been enslaved in  Egypt and now it prepares for its journey to Canaan.  K’Maasei Eretz Mitzrayim Asher Y’shavtem Bah Lo Ta’Asu UchMa’Asei Eretz Canaan Asher Ani Meivi Etchem Shamah Lo Ta’Asu UvChukoteihem Lo Teileichu – Do not practice of the land of Egypt in which you dwelled, and do not perform the practice of the land of Canaan to which I bring you, and do not follow their traditions. (Lev. 18:3) For the past two centuries, B’nai Yisroel dwelled in Egypt, a morally decadent community. Now B’nai Yisroel is about to head into Eretz Canaan, which was also a morally decadent land inhabited by the Moabites, the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Jebusites, and the Edomites. Why would God bring us to a place that is just as morally decadent as the place from which he brought us out?  Why would God promise land that was as morally bankrupt as Egypt? One would have assumed that Canaan was already a wonderful place otherwise God wouldn’t have brought B’nai Yisroel there nor would it have been part of a covenant. The Be’er Yitzchak, the 19th Russian Rabbi offers a comment that is relevant to today’s Jewish experience. “The reason for mentioning Egypt and Canaan is simple: if you imitate the Egyptians – then why did I take you out of Egypt? And if you behave like the Canaanites- why should I expel them before you/ it was on condition that you will not do so that I took you out of Egypt and that I shall expel the Canaanites… do not imitate even their innocuous practices, for these lead to total assimilation.” The experience in Egypt was an incubation period to prepare for Torah at Sinai. Our experience in Egypt would constantly serve as a reminder that we ultimately rejected physical slavery and that we ultimately rejected the institutions and behaviors of that master. It is certainly easy to reject all things Egyptian while we are reminded of how damaging the experience was. It is quite another thing to reject the behavior, and culture of a society when one is free when one is not scarred by such a damaging experience. Yet, the success of our people and the future viability of our relationship with God through the Torah could only occur if we are able to reject a dominant culture’s behavior as a free nation and not as an enslaved nation. B’nai Yisroel’s survival ultimately depends upon remaining separate and apart from the cultural majority. B’nai Yisroel’s survival depends upon remaining spiritually distinct from the majority. B’nai Yisroel’s survival depends upon the spiritual strength needed to reject the behaviors of any dominant culture, to refrain from behavior because “everyone else does it”.

         At the core of Judaism is the recognition that Judaism constantly establishes distinctions between itself and everything around it. Creating distinctions and separation between the holy and the mundane occurs every day, every week, and every season. Creating distinctions between the holy and mundane occur during the most basic activities of eating and procreation. Creating distinctions between the holy and the mundane occurs in our relationships with the world around us. Judaism also understands that as human beings and as communities there will be moments when fail at observing those distinctions between the holy and the mundane.  So God and Torah established a mechanism for individuals and communities to do “Teshuva” to repent,  return to God, and continue striving toward holiness. After seven decades, during this week of Yom HaShoah, it is interesting to see which nations have engaged in some degree of Teshuvah and atonement while others have continued to remind contaminated by fascism, nationalism, populism, conspiracy theories, misinformation, and scapegoating of minorities.  

Peace
Rav Yitz

And Forget About The Darkness You Have Seen (Jerry Garcia, Dave Parker & The Grateful Dead- "The Only Time Is Now")

Immediately after the Pesach Festival and Shabbat concluded and after we completed the Havdalah service, my wife saw that there were several WhatsApp messages from our daughter Hannah. Hannah has been studying in Israel during this current school year. She told us that there had been a synagogue shooting at a Shul in Poway, California, a suburb of San Diego. Having lived in San Diego for two years, she was worried.  She was worried for a number of reasons. Did any of us know any of the victims or their families?  Was it the one shul or were other San Diego synagogues targeted?  Then of course there were the larger questions of a genuine concern about a rising tide of anti-Semitic incidents and near incidents throughout the U.S. Two days after the tragedy, my wife and I watched the funeral for the woman who was murdered during that Poway Synagogue terrorist attack. At the cemetery, there was another Hannah, the daughter of the deceased, who knelt by the grave as people performed a final act of kindness and placed dirt upon the casket. Hannah remained knelt as the hole was filled. Hannah remained knelt when they place a marker and she remained knelt and weeping for her mother as they pleaded with her to stand up. Eventually, Hannah was helped to her feet, she returned home and has been sitting Shiva. I spoke to my Hannah, and she explained that she hadn’t slept well as she  feels increased anxiety and concern for the myriad of friends that she has throughout Canada and the United States. As she explained to me, “It seems that we are all targets because we are Jewish”. I wished I could have  disagreed; I couldn’t. Yes, to a degree, we Jews are targets. It seems that we always have been and sadly it appears that we always will be targets, but that doesn’t mean we need to perceive ourselves as victims.  I have thought about my Hannah in Israel who is scheduled to return home and begin University in the fall. I have thought about another Hannah who is only a few years older, a victim of Anti-Semitism, who just buried her mother and will spend this Shabbat in the midst of Shiva. I have thouight about the Jewish people who had just observed Yom Hashoah, Holocaust Remembrance Day.  

Dear Hannah:

Hashem Yikom Damah. I cannot imagine that there are any words that could bring you consolation during this tragic moment in life. Perhaps someday these words may prove to be a source of consolation after the intensity of shiva has concluded, and shloshim has waned, and you, your father, and extended family are left with the task of living. Yes, you will be living a very different type of life than the one that you were familiar with while you sat at your family’s seder celebrating Pesach. What I am saying to you Hannah, are words that I would say to my Hannah. There will be a someday when I won’t be able to say these words to her but they are words that she will need to hear as well. They are words that embody the way we raised our Hannah, and they are words that I know embody the way your mother raised her Hannah, you. While you may not be ready to read these words, I hope they might provide you with a source of strength when you feel darkness and emptiness encroaching upon your soul.  I hope these words will offer you a source of light for your eyes when the darkness of others souls encroach upon you. I hope these words will offer warmth and security when darkness, hatred, and vitriol abound. These words of light are inspired by this week’s Torah portion: Acharei Mot. The Torah portion that resumes Aharon’s HaKohen’s preparations for his role in society immediately following the tragic deaths of his two sons.

The Torah portion discusses the Yom Kippur Avodah Service and the Kohen Gadol’s Vidui (The High Priest’s confession). Instructions are given regarding the drawing of lots and sending one goat into the wilderness and making an offering of the other goat on behalf of the community. The Parsha concludes with a reminder about the prohibition of consuming blood and then a list of forbidden relationships.  Throughout the Parsha, Hashem speaks to Moshe who is supposed to speak to his brother Aaron regarding the Yom Kippur laws. This makes sense since Aaron is the Kohen Gadol and must know every detail concerning the offerings, blood sprinkling and bringing about atonement on his behalf as well as the B’nai Yisroel’s behalf. However, I have always wondered why Acharei Mot continues with a list of human relationships forbidden to B'nai Yisroel. The second half seems to belong to next week’s Torah portion. How is the first half of Acharei Mot connected to the second half Acharei Mot? How are Moshe’s instruction for his brother Aaron connected to his instructions for the rest of B’nai Yisroel?
 I have struggled to find the words of consolation and light for you, Hannah, and for my Hannah. I watched your mother’s funeral and listened to Rabbi Goldstein. I know the community and I know people who knew your mother. I had a moment of clarity and an answer to my question. Indeed, the answer has everything to do with how your mother lived her life, and how my wife and I have raised our Hannah as well as her siblings. Acharei Mot, after death, after the death of a loved one, when we are bereft, inconsolable, feeling empty and perhaps very much alone, when we are left feeling as if there is “no point” to any of this; while our soul and our faith is in turmoil; we are left with Mourner’s Kaddish. We are left with life and all the mundane attributes of living that life. Aaron HaKohen had to continue living life, which is not to say he didn’t mourn every day of his life for his two sons. I am sure he mourned every day. However, he got on with the job of living life. The question is what is the job of living life? Your mother answered that question in the way she lived her life. Rabbi Goldstein answered thata question in his recent letter to the editor. This week was Yom HaShoah, and every Jew who died for Kiddush HaShem, and every kind and decent person who has ever lived, provided an answer to those of us who must continue living and to those of us who try to bring light to the darkest places. It is the answer  as to why the second part of Acharei Mot and its list of forbidden relationships appears in this weeks Parsha and continues into next week’s Torah Portion, Kedoshim. The job of living life is to live it with Kedushah, Holiness. No matter how mundane, no matter how we may feel, if we are indeed, created in God’s image, then we have the capacity to always strive for and achieve a level of holiness that is beyond “human nature”.  The capacity to strive for and achieve holiness is evident in our personal relationships, our relationship to God, our relationship to strangers and our relationship with our communities. Your mother embodied Chesed, kindness, and decency; she was a light of holiness for the community in which she lived and the lives she touched.  As a parent, I hope that my Hannah has been imbued with the propensity to live a life of Kedushah and Chesed, a life of holiness and kindness as your mother and father have taught you.  Because Acharei Mot, after death, those who remain alive have an opportunity to live lives with greater holiness and kindness and in doing so, reflext their loved one’s light  and shine it upon the darkness.

Peace,

Rav Yitz

And It Speaks Of A LifeThat Passes Like Dew (John Barlow & Bob Weir -"Black Throated Wind")

          Earlier this week, our sixteen year old daughter was given the honour to light a candle during the B’nei Akiva Yom HaZikoron Commemoration Ceremony.  Yom HaZikaron, is otherwise known as Israel’s Remembrance Day or  Memorial Day. Every country sets aside a day to remember its fallen heroes, those who gave their life for their country. In a sense, every country recognizes that it has been touched by death. In Canada, in November there is Remembrance Day, to commemorate those soldiers that died in WWI. In the United States, at the end of May there is Memorial Day, a day set aside to remember those soldiers who died in the Civil War. In November there is Veterans Day, a day set aside to remember those soldiers who died in WWI. Our daughter, along with several other young honorees, lit candles immediately prior to Mincha Service, the Afternoon prayer service,  which is the final of  three daily prayer services. After a few speeches,  Maariv, The Evening service, which is the first of the three daily prayer services began. With the recitation of Maariv a new day commenced. However this was no ordinary transition from one day to the next. Immediately following the solemnity of Yom HaZikaron,  new day began and with it began the celebration of Yom Ha'Atzmaut- Israel’s Independence Day. Of course every country sets a day in which it celebrates its national birth, a day in which a nation appeals to the sanctity and purity associated by birth and the ideals upon which that nation began. Canada celebrates Dominion Day on July 1, and The United States celebrates Independence Day on July 4^th. Usually the "Memorial Day" and "Independence Day" are separated by several months. Only Israel and the Jewish people acknowledge that death and life are intimately bound and usually only separated by the smallest to margins, the blink of an eye, a few minutes, or the separation between Mincha and Maariv.

This Shabbat, like last Shabbat, we read from two Parshiot. This week we read the double Parsha of  Acharei Mot/ Kedoshim. After two Parshiot, Tazria and Metzorah, which essentially interrupted the narrative and the laws that had been focused upon the Kohanim, we now return to the Kohen as the central focus in the Parsha. Now that he has become spiritually pure, the Torah is now ready to teach the laws for the spiritual purity of the nation. We have focused upon the impurities of individuals, now we focus upon the community. The Kohen acts on behalf of the nation just like he acts on behalf of the individual. The Torah teaches us the laws for the offerings of Yom Kippur, national atonement, and Azazel otherwise known as the Scapegoat. The Scapegoat is not offered as a sacrifice to God, but rather is sent out from the camp and left to wander in the wilderness eventually succumbing to the elements. The second half of the Parsha focuses upon the holy and holy relationships within the family. However the list of inappropriate behaviors between family members is taught within the context of the other nations. The list of inappropriate behavior in terms of worship, in terms of caring for the employer and employee, between the vulnerable and the well-off, between people are all taught within the context of other nations. Essentially other nations provide a standard of inappropriate behavior.

However it is somewhat odd that the standards for inappropriate behavior come from two distinct places. One place is Egypt; the place where this journey began. The other place is Eretz Canaan; the place where this journey is supposed to conclude. The Torah considers both places impure, and unholy. Both places engage in behavior that Torah considers to be bad,  in fact the Torah refers to this "bad behaviour" as "abominations". In both places, Egypt and Canaan, the dominant culture worships death, and does not sanctify life. Human sacrifices are made, the vulnerable are not taken care of, and there is no mechanism in place for a community to ever return to a previous point of spiritual purity and sanctity – T’Shuvah (repentance).  In fact both places, the place of origin and place of destination are so impure, the abominations are so deplorable, that to mimic such behavior is tantamount to a spiritual death. The only example, the only other third party "being" to mimic and to imitate behavior is God. Vi’Heyitem Li Kedoshim Ki Kadosh Ani Adoshem Va’Avdil Etchem Min Ha’Amim Li’heyot Li – You shall be holy for me for I, Hashem, am holy; and I have separated you from the People’s to be mine.(Lev. 20:26). Holiness is the act of sanctifying life. Even if touched by death, as Aharon had been touched by the death of his sons, a person can sanctify life or wallow in the misery and sadness and allow his/.her own spirit to die.

The idea that in one evening separated by a few minutes, Jewish communities in Israel and outside of Israel, Jewish communities that were celebrating Yom Hazikaron (Israel’s Memorial Day) and Yom Ha’Atzmaut (Israel’s Independence Day) were ultimately sanctify life. Yes the memory of those who died in Israel’s’ war and were victims of terrorism were remembered, however those memories had a distinct purpose. Those memories helped Israel and all who celebrate with Israel to celebrate its life, its birth, and the pure ideals upon which it was established, a Jewish State built upon democracy. Watching our daughter light that commemorative candle, I couldn't help but think about the fragility of life, and  the limited time we have to lead a purpose driven life. As our daughter lit that candle commemorating death, I couldn't help but think that the only way to make any death meaningful is to celebrate life. Watching our daughter light that candle commemorating death, my wife and I couldn’t help but acknowledge and anticipate the celebration of the miracle that is State of Israel.

Peace,

Rav Yitz

Where Crickets And Cicadas Sing A Rare And Different Tune (Robert Hunter & Jerry Garcia - "Terrapin Station")

There are numerous potential hazards when it comes to raising teenagers. One hazard in particular tends to rear its ugly head on Saturday nights or on evenings when there is no school the next day and our teen-age daughters want to go out with their friends.  They tell us where they are going and with whom. They may or may not need some money and still the hazard has not arrived. Then I ask two simple questions. What time do you plan on coming home? How are you getting home? The answers tend to be the same as always. Each will give me a time as late as possible with no regard for the next day’s tasks or plans. A negotiation begins and a more reasonable curfew is begrudgingly agreed upon. Then they explain that they have arranged a ride home with a friend’s parent. If negotiations are about leverage, I realize that this answer is about to tip the leverage to our teenagers’ advantage. They understand that even if they wanted to come home early, they wouldn’t be able to since the friend will want to stay later and arranged to be picked up later. I am about to be held hostage by an over indulgent parent who doesn’t care if their child sleeps until noon the next day, does nothing, and only cares that their child is well liked and popular. So I tell our teenagers that I will pick them up from said social function. Later that evening when I pick up our teenage daughters from “the night out”, and they always one of the first to be picked up, one of two fascinating things happens. Rarely do I only pick up our daughter. Usually one or two of their friends have bummed a ride as well. Turns out that the other kids didn’t want to be out so late, they just thought they had to be out late.  After dropping off the friends or if our daughters were alone to begin with, they always comment that they are glad that they left when they did.

This Shabbat we return to the weekly Torah cycle and read Parshat Acharei Mot. After two Parshiot, Tazria and Metzorah, which essentially interrupted the narrative and the laws that had been focused upon the Kohanim, we now return to the Kohen as the central focus in the Parsha. Now that he has become spiritually pure, the Torah is now ready to teach the laws for the spiritual purity of the nation. We have focused upon the impurities of individuals, now we focus upon the community. The Kohen acts on behalf of the nation just like he acts on behalf of the individual. The Torah teaches us the laws for the offerings of Yom Kippur, national atonement, and Azazel otherwise known as the Scapegoat. The Scapegoat is not offered as a sacrifice to God, but rather is sent out from the camp and left to wander in the wilderness eventually succumbing to the elements. The second half of the Parsha focuses upon the holy and holy relationships within the family. However the list of inappropriate behaviors between family members is taught within the context of the other nations. What is particularly troubling is the fact that our interaction with the two nations was a direct function of God’s plan. God invokes Egypt and God invokes Canaan. We went down to Egypt and now we were being brought to Canaan.  K’Maasei Eretz Mitzrayim Asher Y’shavtem Bah Lo Ta’Asu UchMa’Asei Eretz Canaan Asher Ani Meivi Etchem Shamah Lo Ta’Asu UvChukoteihem Lo Teileichu – Do not practice of the land of Egypt in which you dwelled; and do not perform the practice of the land of Canaan to which I bring you, and do not follow their traditions. (Lev. 18:3) For the past two centuries B’nai Yisroel dwelled in Egypt, a morally decadent community. Now B’nai Yisroel is about to head into Eretz Canaan, which was also a morally decadent land inhabited by the Moabites, the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Jebusites and the Edo mites to name a few. I can justify using Egypt as the example. First our descent into slavery both physical and spiritual was hardly overnight but rather a gradual process. Second, our experience in Egypt serves as the origins of our becoming a nation. Invoking that experience is at the core of our national memory. We remind ourselves of Yetziat Mitzrayim (The Exodus from Egypt) three times a day when we say the Shma. We are reminded of Yetziat Mitzrayim when we make Kiddush on Shabbat and all festivals. We reminded ourselves of Yetziat Mitrayim for eight days last week during the Passover Festival. We remind ourselves of Yetziat Mitzrayim and pass down that collective memory to our children at the Pesach Seder. We spent a lot of time reminding ourselves that we left Egypt, but we spend very little time reminding ourselves about entering Canaan?  Why do we focus so much on leaving Egypt and very little time focusing on entering Canaan? Canaan is God’s covenant with us, originating with Avraham Avinu. So why would God promise us a land that is as morally bankrupt as Egypt? Why would God bring us to a place that is the equivalent to a place where God brought us out? One would have assumed that Canaan was already a wonderful place otherwise God wouldn’t have brought B’nai Yisroel there nor would it have been part of a covenant.

The Be’er Yitzchak, the 19^th Russian Rabbi offers a comment that is relevant to today’s Jewish experience. “The reason for mentioning Egypt and Canaan is simple: if you imitate the Egyptians – then why did I take you out of Egypt? And if you behave like the Canaanites- why should I expel them before you/ it was on condition that you will not do so that I took you out of Egypt and that I shall expel the Canaanites… do not imitate even their innocuous practises, for these lead to total assimilation.” The experience in Egypt was an incubation period to prepare for Torah at Sinai. Our experience in Egypt would constantly serve as a reminder that we ultimately rejected physical slavery and that we ultimately rejected the institutions and behaviors of that master. It is certainly easy to reject all things Egyptian while we are reminded of how damaging the experience was. It is quite another thing to reject the behavior, and culture of a society when one is free, when one is not scarred by such a damaging experience. Yet, the success of our people, the future viability of our relationship with God through Torah could only occur if we are able to reject a dominant culture’s behavior as a free nation and not as an enslaved nation. B’nai Yisroel’s survival ultimately depends upon remaining separate and apart from the cultural majority. B’nai Yisroel’s survival depends upon remaining spiritually distinct from the majority. B’nai Yisroel’s survival depends upon the spiritual strength needed to reject the behaviors of any dominant culture, to refrain from behavior because “everyone else does it”.

It is always nice to feel part of something. It is always nice to feel included. It is always nice to be culturally recognized. From an individual perspective, going along with the crowd means never feeling left out. For our children, there is always the tension of fitting in and still retaining a sense of individuality.  However, as a people, our national sin, our national mistake is our individual yearning, our desire to be like everybody else, to assimilate. So we manage to teach our teenage daughters a most valuable lesson. Just because “everyone is doing it” neither makes it right nor means that it is good for each of them as individuals. Rather our teenage daughters need to make decisions based upon what is best for themselves. For now, as long as they are teenagers living at home; they have figured out a convenient way to avoid feeling left out and simultaneously avoid staying out ridiculously late just because “all of my friends will be staying out late.” Yep, they just blame me, and tell their friends that “since my dad is picking us up, he doesn’t want to be out so late since he has to wake up early the next morning”. If my daughters need me to be their Azazel, their scapegoat, I suppose there are worse things.

Peace

Rav Yitz